"Figure 6: Effectiveness of cash benefits at reducing income inequality has diminished over the past seven years","" "Change in Gini coefficients due to cash benefits and taxes, UK, 1977 to financial year ending 2018","" "","" "Notes","1. 2017 to 2018 represents the financial year ending 2018 (April to March), and this applies for all other years expressed in this format." "Unit","%/year" "","" "","Cash benefits","Direct taxes","Indirect taxes","Benefits in kind" "1977","-9.1","-2.2","2.5","-6" "1978","-9.5","-2.7","1.9","-5.8" "1979","-9.6","-2.2","2.1","-6" "1980","-9.4","-2.2","2.6","-6.6" "1981","-10.5","-2.4","2.8","-7.1" "1982","-11.8","-2.3","3.1","-6.6" "1983","-12.2","-2.8","2.8","-6.1" "1984","-13.1","-3","2.7","-5.3" "1985","-12.3","-2.9","3","-6.3" "1986","-12.5","-2.7","3.8","-7" "1987","-12","-2.7","3.7","-7" "1988","-10.6","-1.9","3.9","-7.1" "1989","-10.5","-1.8","3.7","-7.1" "1990","-10.1","-1.7","4","-7.3" "1991","-10.6","-2.1","3.9","-7.1" "1992","-12.1","-2.5","4","-7.7" "1993","-12.9","-2.8","3.9","-8" "1994/95","-12.8","-3.2","3.8","-7.8" "1995/96","-12.7","-3.2","4.1","-8.1" "1996/97","-12.3","-2.9","4","-7.9" "1997/98","-11.9","-3","3.9","-7.7" "1998/99","-11.6","-3","4.1","-8.1" "1999/00","-11.2","-2.7","4.4","-8.2" "2000/01","-11","-2.6","4.4","-8.3" "2001/02","-10.9","-3","4.4","-8.5" "2002/03","-11.2","-3.4","3.9","-8.2" "2003/04","-11.5","-3.4","4.1","-8.3" "2004/05","-11.5","-3.4","3.8","-8.3" "2005/06","-11.7","-3.3","3.6","-8.5" "2006/07","-11.2","-3.1","4.1","-9.1" "2007/08","-11.3","-3.1","3.9","-8.6" "2008/09","-12","-3","3.4","-7.7" "2009/10","-12.7","-3.4","3.4","-8.4" "2010/11","-12.7","-3.2","4","-8.3" "2011/12","-13.2","-3.7","3.8","-8.2" "2012/13","-12.8","-3.5","3.8","-8.3" "2013/14","-12.1","-3.5","3.8","-8" "2014/15","-12","-3.2","3.5","-7.6" "2015/16","-12","-3.5","3.5","-7.5" "2016/17","-11.2","-3.2","3.9","-8.1" "2017/18","-10.7","-3","3.4","-8.2"